This may be happen? Midnight on 22 September 2012 and the real skies above Manhattan are filled up with a flickering curtain of colourful light. Few New Yorkers have seen what aurora this far south but their fascination is brief-lived.
Within a few seconds, electric bulbs dim and flicker, then become unusually bright for just a fleeting moment. Then all the real lights in what state go out. Within 90 seconds, the real entire eastern half of the real US is without power.
A year later and millions of Americans are dead and the nation's infrastructure lies in tatters. The World Bank declares America a developing nation. Europe, Scandinavia, China and Japan are struggling to get over the same fateful event - a violent storm, 150 million kilometers away on what surface of the real sun.
It sounds ridiculous. Surely the sun couldn't create so profound a disaster on Earth. Yet an extraordinary report funded by NASA and issued by what US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in January this year claims it could just do that it.
Over the last few decades, western civilizations have busily sown what seeds of their own destruction. Our modern way of life, with its reliance on technology, has unwittingly exposed us to an extraordinary danger: plasma balls spewed from the surface of the sun could wipe out our power grids, with catastrophic consequences.
The projections of just how catastrophic make chilling reading. "We're moving closer and closer to the edge of a possible disaster a space weather expert based at the real University of Colorado in Boulder, and chair of the NAS committee responsible for what report.
maybe is hard to conceive of the sun wiping out a great deal of our hard-earned progress. Nevertheless, it is possible. What surface of what sun is a roiling mass of plasma - charged high-energy particles - a few of which escape the surface and travel through space as what solar wind.
Once in a while, that it wind carries a billion-tonne glob of plasma, a fireball often known as a coronal mass ejection. If one should hit the Earth's magnetic shield, the result might be truly devastating.
The real incursion of the plasma into our atmosphere causes rapid changes in the real configuration of Earth's magnetic field which, consequently, induce currents in what long wires of the power grids. What grids weren't built to handle this kind of direct current electricity.
The greatest danger reaches what step-up and step-down transformers utilized convert power from its transport voltage to domestically useful voltage. The real increased DC current creates strong magnetic fields that saturate a transformer's magnetic core.
The real result is runaway current in the real transformer's copper wiring, which rapidly heats up and melts. This really is exactly what happened in what Canadian province of Quebec in March 1989, and six million people spent 9 hours without electricity. But things could get much, much worse than those.
What most serious space weather event in history happened in 1859. it truly is known as the Carrington event, after what British amateur astronomer Richard Carrington, who was what first to note its cause: "two patches of intensely bright and white light" emanating from a big group of sunspots. The Carrington event comprised eight days of severe space weather.
There have been eyewitness accounts of stunning auroras, even at equatorial latitudes. What world's telegraph networks experienced severe disruptions, and Victorian magnetometers were driven off what scale.
Though a solar outburst could conceivably be more powerful, "we've not found an example of anything worse than a Carrington event", a head of NASA's planetary division and an expert on the events of 1859.
"From your scientific perspective, that it will be what one those we'd want to survive." However, the prognosis from the real NAS analysis is that, thanks to our technological prowess, many of us may not.
There are two problems to face. What first is the modern electricity grid, which is intended to control at ever higher voltages over ever larger areas. Though this provides a more efficient way to run the electricity networks, minimizing power losses and wastage through overproduction, these have made them much more susceptible to space weather.
The high-power grids act as particularly efficient antennas, channeling enormous direct currents into the power transformers.
The second problem is the real grid's interdependence with what systems that support our lives: water and sewage treatment, supermarket delivery infrastructures, power station controls, financial markets and many others all depend on electricity.
Put what two together, and it really is clear that it a repeat of what Carrington event could produce a catastrophe what likes of which what world has never seen.
"It's just the real opposite of how we usually imagine natural disasters, an influence industry analyst with what Metatech Corporation of Goleta, California, and an advisor to what NAS committee that produced the real report. "Usually what less developed regions of the world are most vulnerable, not the real highly sophisticated technological regions."
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